Yellow Ochre
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Yellow Ochre
#CC7722 · click to copy
Earth
HEX
#CC7722
RGB
204, 119, 34
CMYK
0%, 42%, 83%, 20%
Pigment
PY43
Lightfastness
Excellent (I)
Moods & Keywords
cave painting iron oxide ancient warm earth
Pigment & Material
PY43 Natural
Hydrated iron oxide (PY43). Semi-opaque, warm yellow-brown. Absolutely permanent. Found naturally in limonite-rich soils worldwide. One of the most lightfast pigments known — ochre paintings survive tens of thousands of years.
⚠️ Toxicity: Very Low — iron oxide is non-toxic and food-safe (E172)
☀️ Lightfastness: Excellent (I)
Origin & History
Yellow ochre is humanity's first pigment — evidence of its use dates to 164,000 BCE at Pinnacle Point, South Africa. The same mineral compound that colours cave paintings at Lascaux also colours the walls of ancient Egyptian tombs, the flesh tones of Renaissance Madonnas, and the wheatfields of Van Gogh. No pigment spans more of human history.
Also Known As
Ocre Jaune Yellow Earth Sil (Greek) Sinopis (Roman) Gold Ochre
Psychology
Warm, ancient, and foundational. Yellow ochre is the colour that preceded all others in human use — it carries 164,000 years of human aesthetic intention. It is the yellow of earth itself: not the brightness of sunlight or the intensity of cadmium, but the warm, grounded yellow of the soil we walk on and the clay we build with. Universally comfortable, universally accessible.
In Culture
The ochre deposits of Roussillon (Vaucluse, France) gave the landscape its extraordinary colour — entire villages built from ochre stone create a landscape that is simultaneously geology and palette. The ochre mines of Rustrel (the "Colorado of Provence") attract hundreds of thousands of visitors. In Aboriginal Australian culture, yellow ochre is used in ceremony and body painting as a sacred material connecting the living to Country.
Natural Sources
Goethite (FeO·OH) — hydrated iron oxide. Found worldwide in clay-rich soils and weathered rock. The finest art-quality ochres come from Roussillon (France), Sienna (Italy), Cyprus, and the Levant. Used since 164,000 BCE — the oldest pigment in continuous human use.
Making It Yourself
Collect yellow-orange clay or ochre-coloured earth:
1. Dry completely
2. Grind in mortar until fine powder
3. Wash: stir in water, allow grit to sink, pour off cloudy water
4. Repeat washing 3–4 times
5. Dry collected pigment on flat surface
6. Mix with linseed oil (oil paint) or gum arabic (watercolour)
Different soils produce different ochre shades — experiment with local clays.
Art Movements
Cave Painting (40 000+ BCE) Ancient Egyptian Art Classical Antiquity Renaissance Impressionism Aboriginal Australian Art
Famous Works
Lascaux Cave Paintings
c.17,000 BCE
Ancient Egyptian tomb paintings
skin tone standard
Rembrandt
flesh and light passages throughout
Van Gogh
Self-Portrait with Straw Hat, 1887
Available As
Winsor & Newton — Yellow Ochre (PY43)
Daniel Smith — Yellow Ochre (PY43)
Natural Earth Pigments — French Yellow Ochre (genuine mineral)
Golden — Yellow Oxide (PY42)
Colour data compiled with AI. Spot an error or have more to add? Leave a Note — ekphra reviews and updates.
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